Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine fueled with Brassica juncea methyl ester and its blends

In this study, mustard biodiesel (B100) was produced from low quality crude mustard oil and tested in a four-cylinder, direct-injection, diesel engine to investigate the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of the engine at different engine speeds and full load conditions. Biodiesel and its blends showed increased peak cylinder pressure and reduced ignition delay when compared to diesel fuel (B0). The pre-mixed combustion phase and the start of injection timing for B100 and its blends took place earlier than B0. During engine performance tests, 10% and 20% biodiesel blends showed 4–8% higher brake specific fuel consumption and 9–13% lower brake power compared to diesel fuel. Engine emissions tests showed 9–12% higher NO, 19–42% lower HC and CO for B100 blends compared to B0. In conclusion, 10% and 20% B100 blends can be used in diesel engines without modifications.